After their deaths, Kurdi’s sister, Tima Kurdi, who lives outside of Vancouver and helped finance the dangerous boat trip, spoke out about the need for safe, legal routes for refugees like her brother to escape oppression. “I think the whole world has to step in and help those Syrian people,” she told the New York Times. “They are human beings.”

Thanks in part to tragedies like the Kurdis’, the scope of an ongoing refugee crisis in Europe now is well-known. Four million Syrians have fled their country, and hundreds of thousands of refugees from the Middle East and Africa have also have left for Europe. For those who survive, the journey across the Mediterranean is only the start of the challenge. Some European nations are refusing to take in refugees, even though they’re obligated to do so under international law. Millions of people have been left in limbo as a result, searching for ways to build new homes.

How should the world step in and help refugees from Syria and other nations? How can Europe better accommodate those in need, and what can other countries—including America—do to help? In advance of the Zócalo/Democracy International/NPR Berlin event What Can the World Learn From Europe’s Refugee Crisis?, we asked a group of migration and human rights experts: What can governments, humanitarian groups, and rights organizations learn from Europe’s refugee crisis?

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